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steering-angle sensor || How does the steering-angle sensor work?

What is steering-angle sensor? The steering-angle sensor is based on Giant Magnetoresistance technology (GMR element) and provides an absolute steering-angle value over the complete steering-angle range (multi-turn sensor). A unique feature of this steering-angle sensor is the output of the correct angle within the measurement range directly after ignition-on. Movement of the steering wheel or other measures for initialization of the sensor (True Power-on) is not required even after disconnection and re-establishment of the power supply. No standby current is necessary. The steering angle and steering-angle velocity is made available via CAN interface. Sensor-internal plausibility tests and special self-diagnostic functions allow the use of this sensor in safety systems. The sensor concept also allows the integration of a second microprocessor for safety-related applications. Why do we need to Measure Steering Angle? The angle of the steering on its own can be used to deter

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Comprehensive Quality Management (TQM) TQM is a collection of management processes across the organization, intended to ensure that the organization consistently meets or exceeds customer requirements. TQM places a strong focus on process balance and control as a way forward better. Before learning more about TQM, it may help to review very quickly types of quality management in an organization. These are briefly described at the top of the Quality Management article. 7 Essential Principles of Comprehensive Management Total Quality Management (TQM) is the approach that organizations use to improve their internal processes and increase customer satisfaction. When it's used properly, it can lead to a reduction in related costs corrective or preventative adjustments and overall performance. However, TQM is not something that happens overnight. Although there is a number of software solutions that will help organizations get started faster quality management system, there

What is battery management system (BMS) in electric vehicles?

Introduction: The growth of urban sprawl and pollution in big cities is raising public awareness to a more stable mobility solution, which means more efficient use of energy, reduction in pollutants and continued driving development of electric vehicles (EVs). With a view to achieving 100 million EVs on international roads by 2020 (IEA and EVI, 2013), the automotive industry has set the bar high for the public bookings about electromobility so as the battery technology is in high demand. Next to the development of chemical and technological advances in mobile battery technology, battery management system (BMS) is the main protector of the EVs battery system, tasked with verification reliable and safe operation of connected battery cells to deliver high currents at high voltage (HV) levels (the term “battery management system” has no universal meaning and is generally understood to refer to any system responsible for monitoring, control, and protection of battery cells, either indiv

How The Accelerator Works in Car?

Is speeding your car the only thing you know about how the accelerator works in your car? Read the article for more interesting information. Many people have been wondering how the accelerator works in a car. To understand this, we must learn what an accelerator is. The car accelerator can also be known as a gas pedal located on the bottom right of the car. It is called an accelerator because it controls the speed of the car. The deeper we press the accelerator of a car, the faster the car produces faster. So, push it slowly, or you will end up at a sudden speed that could lead to fatal accidents. Typically, an accelerator is a pedal we push to control the speed of our vehicles. How does the accelerator works? It is easy to learn how the accelerator works in a car. As mentioned earlier in this article, an accelerator speeds up a car based on its depth. To illustrate this, let's take a look at the accelerators of most fuel-efficient cars. When we press the pedal, it opens the th

Starter Motor || How the starting systems work?

What is starter Motor? The starter motor is just like an electric motor that cranks the engine to start. It consists of a powerful DC (Direct Current) electric motor and the starter solenoid that is attached to the motor. In most of the vehicles, the starter motor is bolted to the engine or transmission. The starter motor is powered by the battery either 12 V or 24 V depending upon the vehicle. In case of passenger cars it is 12v and in commercial vehicles it is 24V. To turn over the engine, the starter motor requires high electric current, which means the battery has to have sufficient power. If the battery is discharged, the lights in a vehicle might not work, but it won't be enough power (current) to turn over the starter motor. When starting a vehicle with a fully discharged battery, there is a single click or nothing happens at all. The starter motor doesn't run, even when there is a 12-Volt power at the starter control terminal. Another symptom is when the starter

What is an alternator? || How is it different from generator?

What is alternator? As we know battery powers the electrics of the vehicle and alternator is the key player in battery charging system who feeds battery. An alternator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy and used in automobiles to charge the battery. Just like electrical generator it also works on the principle of Faradays law. How is it different from generator? Ø Both alternator and generator converts’ mechanical energy into electrical energy but an alternator only produces AC whereas a generator may produce AC or DC. Ø In an alternator, magnet is the rotating part where as inn generator the field winding rotates. Ø Alternators are self-excited type but generators are not. How does it work? An alternator is a self-excited device in which the magnetic field is generated the moment we switch on the ignition switch which means electricity flows from battery to coils. To strengthen the magnetic field shoes are provided alternately- s